Australia

Worms Molluscs Crustaceans Arachnids Insects

Sharks and Rays Bony Fish Amphibians Reptiles Mammals Birds

Australia is famous for its unique wildlife, the product of 45 million years of isolation from other major landmasses. The generally accepted story holds that the exclusion of placental mammals, which were late arrivals to Australia, allowed marsupials and egg-laying monotremes to survive, thrive and diversify into such iconic images of Australia as kangaroos, koalas, wombats and the duck-billed platypus. Australia's birds, reptiles, amphibians and plants likewise exhibit high levels of endemism. The country also has a reputation for producing potentially dangerous wildlife; box jellyfish, blue-ringed octopi and several species of large predatory shark can be found around the island's coast; 'salties', the world's largest crocodiles, can be abundant in areas of the tropical north, and Australia is notoriously home to seven or eight (the number varies depending on who's counting) of the world's ten most venomous land snakes - although wildlife-related human fatalities are extremely rare. Sadly, much of Australia's unique wildlife has already been lost. The country once boasted a marsupial megafauna whose extinction may have been linked to human colonisation 40,000 years ago, along with those of giant flightless birds and the largest lizard ever to have lived. In historic times, the "Tasmanian tiger" or thylacine is just the most high-profile example of a modern extinction event that has seen the complete or near-extinction of many Australian species; in total, Australia has lost 11 mammal species in the past 250 years, representing a quarter of the world's mammal extinctions over that period. Introduced species, habitat loss and pollution of one of Australia's most celebrated natural features, the Great Barrier Reef, continue to threaten the country's wildlife. Most recently, eastern Australia has been devastated by amphibian chytridiomycosis, an emerging disease responsible for the loss of up to seven of the country's frog species over the past two decades.

ANNELID WORMS

Most visitors to the northern Australian tropics are familiar with at least some of the country's leeches which, though irritating and a cause of disgust to many, are essentially harmless and transmit no known diseases. The island is also home to hundreds of species of earthworm, over 300 of which have been described. The Gippsland earthworm of Victoria may well be the world's largest species, with an average length of 80 cm and reports of animals over two metres long.

Elegant Leech	Goddardobdella elegans
Queensland Turquoise Earthworm	Terriswalkerius terrareginae

MOLLUSCS

Australia's most notorious mollusc is the blue-ringed octopus, a small but highly venomous species associated with Queensland's Great Barrier Reef. About 15,000 species of molluscs are known from Australia, where they can be extremely diverse at local scales. For example, around 2,000 species are known from the Sydney area. Snails may be especially abundant in mangrove and in the rainforests of the Wet Tropics.

Oyster	Saccostrea cucculata
Oyster	Saccostrea echinata
Clam	Polymesoda coaxans
Clam	Gafrarium pectinatum
Giant Clam	Tridacna gigas
Toothed Top Shell	Monodonta labio
Flat-spired Nerite	Nerita planospira
Snail	Clithon oualaniensis
Tubercular Noddiwink	Nodolittorina pyramidalis
Nodiwink	Nodolittorina millegrana
Snail	Clypeomorys putulum
Telescope-shell Creeper	Telescopium telescopium
Sulcate Creeper	Terebralia sulcata
Giant Mud Creeper	Terebralia palustris
Mangrove Snail	Cerithidea anticipata
Snail	Cerithidea cingulata
Mulberry Whelk	Morula marginalba
Kiener's Purple	Thias kieneri
Angulate-shoulder Ear Shell	Cassidula angulifera
Limpet	Siphonaria atra
Snail	Noctepuna cerea
Land Snail	Sphaerospira sp.
Onch Slug	Onchidium daemelli
Onch Slug	Onchidium sp.
Furrowed Clusterwink	Planaxis sulcatus

CRUSTACEANS

Australia's best-known crabs actually occur in Indonesia. The Australian territory of Christmas Island, close to the Indonesian island of Java, is famous for its mass migrations of red land crabs; robber crabs, also found on the island, are the world's largest terrestrial crustaceans. However, the island continent itself is home to numerous species, among them sand bubbler crabs which leave trials of sand 'balls' from which they filter food items, fiddler crabs with enlarged, brightly-coloured claws, and freshwater yabbies, crayfish that can often be felt nipping at people's exposed toes.

Barnacle	Balanus amphrite
Flecker's Spiny Crayfish	Euastacus fleckeri
Hermit Crab	Clibinarius sp.
Yellow-clawed Fiddler	Uca perplexa
Orange-clawed Fiddler	Uca coarctata
Broad-fronted Mangrove Crab	Metapograpsis frontalis
Maroon Mangrove Crab	Perisesarma messa
Notched Thalamita	Thalamita crenata

ARACHNIDS

As with many of Australia's animals, the country's best-known are its most notorious, the highly venomous Sydney funnel-web and redback spider. In fact, there have been no deaths in Australia from spider bite since an antivenom was developed for the funnel-web's bite in 1981. Australia may have the most diverse spider fauna in the world, including among this number 50 species of tarantula and several of the large, common golden orb weaving spiders. There are Australian scorpions, but these are uncommon in many areas. Most Australian arachnids have yet to be formally described.

St. Andrews Cross Spider	Argiope keyserlingi
St. Andrews Cross Spider	Argiope picta
Christmas Spider	Austracantha minax
Garden Orb Weaver	Eriophora transmarina
Red-headed Mouse Spider	Missulena occatoria
Common Net-casting Spider	Deinopis subrufa
Orange-striped Lynx Spider	Oxyopes quadrilineatus
Elegant Lynx Spider	Oxyopes elegans
Redback Spider	Latrodectus hasseltii
Silver Dew Drop Spider	Argyrodes antipodiana
Silver Orb Spider	Leucage dromedaria
Coastal Golden Orb Weaver	Nephila edulis
Australian Golden Orb Weaver	Nephila pilipes
Long-jawed Spider	Tetragnatha rubriventris
Green Jumping Spider	Mopsus mormon
Jumping Spider	Opisthoncus machaerodes
Salticid Ant-eater	Zenodorus orbiculatus
Brown Huntsman Spider	Heteropoda cervina
Brown Huntsman Spider	Heteropoda jugulans
Giant Green Huntsman Spider	Typostola barbata

INSECTS

Australia is home to the world's largest moths and its heaviest cockroach, one of its largest dragonflies, and large crickets, grasshoppers, mantids, and butterflies. 400 species of butterfly and 300 of dragonfly occur on the island; a single survey of one mountain in the Wet Tropics revealed over 1,500 species of beetle and nearly as many moths, making Australia a haven for anyone with an interest in entomology. Around 10% of the world's described species of ant occur in Australia, with the majority of these species found nowhere else.

Giant Petaltail	Petalura ingentissima
Grey Duskhawker	Gynacantha rosenbergi
Australian Tiger	Ictinogomphus australis
Wandering Pennant	Macrodiplax cora
Blue Dasher	Brachydiplax denticauda
Blue Scarlet	Crocothemis nigrifrons
Scarlet Percher	Diplacodes haematodes
Painted Grasshawk	Neurothemis stigmatizans
Blue Skimmer	Orthetrum caledonicum
Red Arrow	Rhodothemis lieftincki
Banded Flutterer	Rhyothemis graphiptera
Sapphire Flutterer	Rhyothemis princeps
Long-tailed Duskdarter	Zyxomma petiolatum
Eastern Dart	Austroagrion watsoni
Big Red Damselfly	Ceriagrion aeruginosum
Wood Cockroach	Panesthia sloani
Small Bush-Cockroach	Ellipsidion humerale
American Cockroach	Periplaneta americana
Garden Mantid	Orthodera ministralis
Black Ground Mantid	Bolbe nigra
Purple-winged Mantis	Tenodera australasiae
Eight-spotted Mantis	Mantis octospilota
Leaf Mantid	Neomantis australis
Stick Mantis	Archimantis sp.
Hedge Grasshopper	Valanga irregularis
Spotted Grasshopper	Greyacris profundesculata
Mole Cricket	Gryllotalpa sp.
King Cricket	Penalva sp.
White-kneed King Cricket	Penalva flavocalceata
Burrowing Cricket	Cephalogryllus sp.
Leafy Katydid	Paracaedicia serrata
Caddis Fly	Anisocentropus kirramus
Caddis Fly	Lectrides varians
Caddis Fly	Triplectides gonetalus
Yellow Tree Buzzer	Pauropsalta eryei
Eucalypt Shield Bug	Poecilometis sp.
Assassin Bug	Pristhesancus sp.
Bee Killer Assassin Bug	Pristhesancus plagipennis
Colourful Broad-headed Bug	Noliphus erythrocephalus
Rhinoceros Beetle	Xylotrupes gideon
Gold-bordered Beetle	Calloodes grayianus
Passalid Wood Beetle	Mastachilus sp.
Transverse Ladybird	Coccinella transversalis
Green Strip Leaf Beetle	Calomela pallida
Leaf Beetle	Paropsis sp.
Eucalypt Longicorn Beetle	Phoracantha semipunctata
Shrubby Stylo Truckborer	Platyomopsis pedicornis
Tree Trunk Tiger Beetle	Dystipsidera undulata
Ground Beetle	Notonomus flos
Darkling Beetle	Amarygmus sp.
Darkling Beetle	Lagria sp.
Weevil	Leptopius sp.
Cranefly	Nephrotoma australasiae
Dolichopodid Fly	Austrosciapus connexus
Horsefly	Cydistostoma doddi
March Fly	Plecia ampliplennis
Narrow-brand Grass Dart	Ocybastides flavovittata
Dingy Swift	Pelopidas agna
Yellow Migrant	Catopsilia gorgophone
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe
Common Jezebel	Delias nigrina
Northern Jezebel	Delias argenthona
Red-banded Jezebel	Delias mysis
Blue Triangle	Graphium sarpedon
Green-spotted Triangle	Graphium agamemnon
Ulysses Butterfly	Papilio ulysses
Dainty Swallowtail	Papilio anactus
Chequered Swallowtail	Papilio demoleus
Clearwing Swallowtail	Cressida cressida
Cairns Birdwing	Ornithoptera priamus
Evening Brown	Melanitis leda
Orange Bush-brown	Mycalesis terminus
Brown Ringlet	Hypocysta metirius
Orange-streaked Ringlet	Hypocysta irius
Dusky Knight	Ypthima arctous
Chocolate Argus	Junonia hedonia
Meadow Argus	Junonia villida
Blue Argus	Junonia orithya
Glasswing	Araea andromacha
Varied Eggfly	Hypolimnas bolina
Blue-banded Eggfly	Hypolimnas alimena
Cape York Aeroplane	Pantoporia venilia
Common Crow	Euploea core
Purple Crow	Euploea tulliolus
Lesser Wanderer	Danaus chrysippus
Speckled Line-blue	Catopyrops florinda
Common Grass Blue	Zizinia labradus
Moon Moth	Syntherata janetta
Hummingbird Hawkmoth	Macroglossum sp.
White-browed Hawkmoth	Gnathothlibus erotus
Australian Privet Hawkmoth	Psilogramma menephron
North Queensland Day Moth	Alcides metaurus
Moth	Ceryx sphenodes
Moth	Saptha libanota
Fruit Piercing Moth	Eudocima salaminia
Cotton Bollworm	Helicoverpa armigera
Fruit Piercing Moth	Mocis frugalis
Potter Wasp	Delta arcuata
Honey Bee	Apis mellifera
Green Tree Ant	Oecophylla smaragdina

ELASMOBRANCHS

The great white shark is one of Australia's most feared natives, though in reality sharks of all species kill an average of one person a year in Australia, considerably fewer than lightning strikes. The country's other species of sharks are among its great tourist draws; areas of Western Australia's coast are important sites for whale shark sightings as well as for manta rays, while reef sharks are common on the Great Barrier Reef. The peculiar carpet sharks or wobbegongs are at their most abundant in Australian waters. A recent DNA analysis of sharks and rays revealed over 50 new species endemic to Australian waters.

Whitetip Reef Shark

Triaenodon obesus

BONY FISH

One of the iconic tourist attractions of Australia is the Great Barrier Reef; many divers maintain that Western Australia offers a still better marine experience. It is therefore unsurprising that Australia's coasts boast some of the highest diversities of marine fish in the world. One of the island's strangest fish, however, is mostly associated with temperate waters around southeastern Australia and Tasmania - the bizarrely-adorned but well-camouflaged leafy sea dragon, a variety of seahorse. Australia boasts around 200 species of freshwater fish, a comparatively small number for the country's land area due to its aridity and the variable, often intermittent flow of its streams and rivers. Many of these fish are now under threat from exotic competitors, mostly introduced from Africa.

Long-finned Eel	Anguilla reinhardtii
Giant Trevally	Caranx ignoblis
Golden Trevally	Gnathanodon speciosus
Tomato Cod	Cephalopholis sonnerati
Monocle Bream	Scolopsis bilineata
Seven-spot Archerfish	Toxotes chatareus
Robust Fusilier	Caesio cuning
Beaked Coralfish	Chelmon rostratus
Rainford's Butterflyfish	Chaetodon rainfordi
Vagabond Butterflyfish	Chaetodon vagabundus
Schooling Bannerfish	Heinochus diphreutes
Six-banded Angelfish	Pomacanthus sexstriatus
Tail-fin Batfish	Platax teira
Hump-headed Maori Wrasse	Cheilinus undulatus
Blue-streak Cleaner Wrasse	Labroides dimidiatus
Pikey Bream	Acanthopagrus australis
Common Mudskipper	Periophthalamus argentilineatus
Firetail Gudgeon	Hypseleotris galli
Diamondfish	Monodactylus argentus
Diamond-scaled Mullet	Liza vaigiensis
Scribbled Pufferfish	Arothron mappa
Saddled Puffer	Canthigaster valentini
Fly-specked Hardyhead	Craterocephalus stercusmuscanus
Cairns Rainbowfish	Cairnsicthys rhombosomoides
Eastern Rainbowfish	Melanotaenea splendida splendida

AMPHIBIANS

Australia has over 220 species of frog, all of which are endemic except for several shared with New Guinea. In the 80 million years since Australia separated from New Guinea, two distinct lineages (recognised as either one or two families, the Myobatrachidae and Limnodynastidae) have evolved that are now endemic to these two islands, with their distribution centred on Australia. New Australian frog species are regularly being described. At the same time, the country's amphibians are under intense pressure from the combined threats of infectious disease, introduced species and climate change. Australia's strangest frogs were undoubtedly the gastric-brooding frogs, two species which swallowed their newly-laid eggs and brooded their tadpoles in the stomach, before releasing them through the mouth as developed froglets. Both species were apparently extinct by the late 1980s, perhaps victims of the same fungal disease that later devastated populations in the Wet Tropics. Although several species thought lost in this epidemic have since been rediscovered, most recently the armoured mist frog, there is now a concern over several species restricted to individual mountaintops that may lose their habitat to climate change. Brown trout and other introduced fish threaten a number of charismatic frog species, including both species of coroborree frog (Australia's 'national frog'). In much of Australia, the commonest frog is now the introduced cane toad; there is little evidence that this species has a negative impact on Australian frogs directly, but where it occurs it can be proportionately much more abundant, and many Australian residents believe anecdotally that native frogs become scarce or disappear after cane toads reach an area.

Cane Toad	Rhinella marina
White's Tree Frog	Litoria caerulea
Eastern Dwarf Tree Frog	Litoria fallax
Green-eyed Tree Frog	Litoria genimaculata
Dainty Green Tree Frog	Litoria gracilenta
Bumpy Rocket Frog	Litoria inermis
White-lipped Tree Frog	Litoria infrafrenata
Stony Creek Frog	Litoria jungguy
Waterfall Frog	Litoria nannotis
Striped Rocket Frog	Litoria nasuta
Common Mist Frog	Litoria rheocola
Desert Tree Frog	Litoria rubella
Northern Laughing Tree Frog	Litoria rothi
Stony Creek Frog	Litoria wilcoxi
Northern Red-eyed Tree Frog	Litoria xanthomera
Superb Collared Frog	Litoria (Cyclorana) brevipes
Eastern Snapping Frog	Litoria (Cyclorana) novaehollandiae
Ornate Burrowing Frog	Opisthodon ornatus
Northern Barred Frog	Mixophyes coggeri
Northern Whistling Frog	Austrochaperina fryi
Robust Whistling Frog	Austrochaperina robusta
Rattling Nursery Frog	Cophixalus hosmeri
Creaking Frog	Cophixalus infacetus
Mountaintop Nursery Frog	Cophixalus monticola
Ornate Nursery Frog	Cophixalus ornatus

REPTILES

Australia is well-known as one of the few places in the world that has more venomous snakes than nonvenomous ones, and indeed about 66% of Australia's land snakes are venomous, the result of a relatively recent radiation of snakes from a cobra-like ancestor and the near-absence of mostly harmless rear-fanged snakes from the island. Other Australian reptiles appear to have a long association with the continent; it is thought that both pythons and monitor lizards (goannas) may have originated here before spreading to Asia and Africa. Over 500 species of izards, many of which are naturally adapted to dry, desert-like environments, make up the majority of Australia's reptile fauna, including a small family of legless lizards related to geckos, the Pygopodidae, restricted to Australia and New Guinea. Australia is also home to the pig-nosed turtle, the sole member of its family. Most famous of the island's reptiles, of course, is the world's largest, the saltwater crocodile; a smaller relative, the freshwater crocodile, occurs in northern Australia.

Green Sea Turtle	Chelonia mydas
Saw-shelled Turtle	Myuchelys latisternum
Krefft's Short-necked Turtle	Emydura macquarii krefftii
Nobbi Dragon	Amphibolurus nobbi
Frilled Dragon	Chlamydosaurus kingii
Central Netted Dragon	Ctenophorus nuchalis
Two-lined Dragon	Diporiphora australis
Boyd's Forest Dragon	Hypsilurus boydii
Eastern Water Dragon	Physignathus leseurii
Common Bearded Dragon	Pogona barbata
Fat-tailed Gecko	Diplodactylus conspicillatus
Tree Dtella	Gehyra dubia
Malaysian House Gecko	Hemidactylus frenatus
Bynoe's Prickly Gecko	Heteronotia binoei
Northern Velvet Gecko	Oedura castenaui
Northern Leaf-tailed Gecko	Saltuarius cornuntus
Northern Spiny-tailed Gecko	Strophurus ciliaris
No common name	Delma mitella
Excitable Delma	Delma tincta
Burton's Legless Lizard	Lialis burtoni
Jewel Skink	Carlia foliorum
Lined Rainbow Skink	Carlia jarnoldae
Macfarlan's Litter Skink	Carlia macfarlani
Open-litter Rainbow Skink	Carlia pectoralis
Hooded Rainbow Skink	Carlia rostralis
Northern Red-throated Skink	Carlia rubrigularis
Cream-striped Shinning Skink	Cryptoblepharus virgatus
Eastern Striped Skink	Ctenotus robustus
Skink	Ctenotus spaldingi
Copper-tailed Skink	Ctenotus taeniolatus
Pink-tongued Skink	Hemisphaeriodon gerrardii
Major Skink	Egernia major
Eastern Water Skink	Eulamprus quoyii
Skink	Eulamprus tigrinus
Prickly Forest Skink	Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae
Skink	Lampropholis robertsi
Garden Skink	Lampropholis delicata
Basal Shade Skink	Saproscincus basiliscus
Eastern Blue-Tongue Skink	Tiliqua scincoides
Flowerpot Snake	Rhamphotyphlops braminus
Blind Snake	Rhamphotyphlops proximus
Water Python	Liasis mackloti fuscus
Carpet Python	Morelia spilota
Brown Tree Snake	Boiga irregularis
Green Tree Snake	Dendrelaphis punctulata
Keelback	Tropidonophis mairii
Small-eyed Snake	Cryptophis nigriscens
Lesser Black Whipsnake	Demansia vestigiata
Yellow-faced Whipsnake	Demansia psammophis
Orange-naped Snake	Furina ornata
Black-bellied Swamp Snake	Hemiaspis signata
Red-bellied Black Snake	Pseudechis porphyriacus
Estuarine Crocodile	Crocodylus porosus

MAMMALS

The three or four species typically referred to as kangaroos are the larger members of a family whose other members are known variously as wallabies, wallaroos, pademelons, bettongs, tree- and rat-kangaroos. These in turn are part of a marsupial radiation that includes koalas, possums, wombats, Tasmanian devils and others, a total of around 140 species. Australia's most widespread native mammal is, however, the echidna, a hedgehog-like relative of the famous duck-billed platypus and representing a quarter of the world's egg-laying mammals (six species of echidna occur only in New Guinea). The placental mammals most associated with Australia are probably dingoes, descendants of Aboriginal dogs, and perhaps the cats, foxes, rabbits and pigs introduced by Europeans with disastrous effects for the native wildlife. In fact, nearly 50% of Australia's mammal fauna consists of native placental mammals. Half of these are bats, and the remainder are native mice, mostly found in north Queensland and the descendants of animals that crossed over from Asia via New Guinea about 4 million years ago.

Short-beaked Echidna	Tachyglossus aculeatus
Rufous Bettong	Aepyprymnus rufescens
Agile Wallaby	Macropus agilis
Eastern Grey Kangaroo	Macropus giganteus
Common Wallaroo	Macropus robustus
Red-legged Pademelon	Thylogale stigmatica
Yellow-footed Rock Wallaby	Petrogale xanthopus
Northern Brown Bandicoot	Isodon macrourus
Long-nosed Bandicoot	Parameles nasuta
Koala	Phascolarctos cinereus
Greater Glider	Petauroides volans
Green Ringtail Possum	Pseudochirops archeri
Lemuroid Ringtail Possum	Hemibelideus lemuroides
Common Brushtail Possum	Trichosurus vulpecula
Water Rat	Hydromys chrysogaster
Fawn-footed Melomys	Melomys cervinipes
Giant White-tailed Rat	Uromys caudimaculatus
Bush Rat	Rattus fuscipes
Rabbit	Oryctolagus cuniculus
Black Flying Fox	Pteropus alecto (prob.)
Spectacled Flying Fox	Pteropus conspicillatus
Little Red Flying Fox	Pteropus scapulatus

BIRDS

Among its birdlife, Australia is famous for its emus, widespread in the drier parts of the continent. A distantly-related bird, the striking blue-skinned cassowary, takes its place in the northern rainforest. Many of Australia's bird lineages are found nowhere else or are shared only with New Guinea; these include the aptly-named superb lyrebird and the bowerbirds known for making artificial display areas from variously-coloured pieces of debris. The country also possesses several birds of paradise (like the bowerbirds, less spectacular than their New Guinean relatives), colourful pigeons and numerous finches, a group which may have evolved on the continent, and whose Australian representatives include the zebra finch popular with bird keepers. Australia also has numerous species of parrot, many of them common, including the white and pink galah, the sulphur-crested cockatoo common in the pet trade, and the brilliantly coloured rainbow lorikeet. Although the emu may be the bird most associated with Australia, the country's best-known native bird must surely be the budgerigar, which can often be seen in flocks of over a hundred individuals in inland regions.

Emu	Dromaius novaehollandiae
Australian Brush-turkey	Alectura lathami
Orange-footed Scrub Fowl	Megapodius reinwardti
Magpie Goose	Anseranas semipalmata
Pacific Black Duck	Anas superciliosa (prob.)
Cotton Pygmy-Goose	Nettapus coromandelianus
Darter	Anhinga melanogaster
Little Black Cormorant	Phalacrocorax sulcirostris
Little Pied Cormorant	Phalacrocorax melanoleucos
Australian Pelican	Pelecanus conspicillatus
Great Egret	Ardea alba
Intermediate Egret	Ardea intermedia
White-faced Heron	Ardea novaehollandiae
Striated Heron	Butorides striatus
Nankeen Night Heron	Nycticorax caledonicus
Australian White Ibis	Threskiornis molucca
Straw-necked Ibis	Threskiornis spinicollis
Brolga	Grus rubicunda
Black-necked Stork	Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
Brahminy Kite	Haliaster indus
Whistling Kite	Haliaster sphenurus
Black Kite	Milvus migrans
Wedge-tailed Eagle	Aquila audax
White-bellied Sea Eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster
Pacific Baza	Aviceda subcristata
Collared Sparrowhawk	Accipiter cirrhocephalus
Peregrine Falcon	Falco peregrinus
Brown Falcon	Falco berigora
Dusky Moorhen	Gallinula tenebrosa
Eurasian Coot	Fulica atra
Australian Bustard	Ardeotis australis
Little Button-quail	Turnix velox
Bush Stone-curlew	Burhinus grallarius
Comb-crested Jacana	Metopidius gallinacean
Red-kneed Dotterel	Erythrogonys cinctus
Masked Lapwing	Vanellus miles
Spur-winged Plover)	(V. miles novaehollandae
Black-winged Stilt	Himantopus himantopus
Silver Gull	Larus novaehollandiae
Crested Pigeon	Ocyphaps lophotes
Squatter Pigeon	Geophaps scripta
Feral Pigeon	Columba livia
Emerald Dove	Chalcophalps indica
Brown Cuckoo-Dove	Macropygia amboinensis
Peaceful Dove	Geopelia placida
Red-tailed Black Cockatoo	Calyptorhynchus banskii
Cockatiel	Nymphicus hollandicus
Sulphur-crested Cockatoo	Cacatua galerita
Galah	Cacatua roseicapilla
Rainbow Lorikeet	Trichoglossus haemotodus
Scaly-breasted Lorikeet	Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus
Australian King Parrot	Alisterus scapularis
Pale-headed Rosella	Platycercus adscitus
Budgerigar	Melopsittacus undulates
Pheasant Coucal	Centropus phasianinus
Tawny Frogmouth	Podargus strigoides
White-rumped Swiftlet	Aerodramus spodiopygius
Forest Kingfisher	Todirampus macleayii
Buff-breasted Paradise Kingfisher	Tanysiptera sylvia
Blue-winged Kookaburra	Dacelo leachii
Laughing Kookaburra	Dacelo novaeguineae
Rainbow Bee-eater	Merops ornatus
Dollarbird	Eurystomus orientalis
White-throated Treecreeper	Cormobates leucophaeus
Red-winged Fairy-wren	Malurus elegans
Red-backed Fairy-wren	Malurus melanocephalus
Large-billed Scrubwren	Sericornis magnirostris
Mountain Thornbill	Acanthiza katherina
Brown Gerygone	Gerygone mouki
Noisy Friarbird	Philemon corniculatus
Blue-faced Honeyeater	Entomyzon cyanolis
Eastern Spinebill	Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris
Macleay's Honeyeater	Xanthotis macleayana
Yellow-throated Miner	Manorina melanocephala
Lewin's Honeyeater	Meliphaga lewinii
White-gaped Honeyeater	Lichenostomus unicolor
White-plumed Honeyeater	Lichenostomus penicillatus
Brown-backed Honeyeater	Ramsayornis modestus
White-cheeked Honeyeater	Phylidonyris nigra
Dusky Honeyeater	Myzomela erythrocephala
Crimson Chat	Epthianura tricolor
Grey-headed Robin	Heteromyias albispecularis
Eastern Yellow Robin	Eopsaltria australis
Pale-yellow Robin	Tregellasia capito
Chowchilla	Orthonyx spaldingii
Rufous Whistler	Pachycephala rufiventris
Little Shrike-thrush	Colluricincla megarhyncha
Pied Monarch	Arses kaupi
Spectacled Monarch	Monarcha trivirgata
Rufous Fantail	Rhipidura rufifrons
Grey Fantail	Rhipidura fuliginosa (keasti)
Willie Wagtail	Rhipidura leucophrys
Spangled Drongo	Dicrurus bracteatus
Magpie-lark	Grallina cyanoleuca
Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike	Coracina novaehollandiae
Figbird	Sphecotheres viridis
White-breasted Woodswallow	Atamus leucorynchus
Masked Woodswallow	Artamus personatus
White-browed Woodswallow	Artamus superciliosus
Black-faced Woodswallow	Artamus cinereus
Little Woodswallow	Artamus minor
Australian Magpie	Gymnorhina tibicen
Pied Currawong	Stepera gracinula
Australian Raven	Corvus coronoides
Torresian Crow	Corvus orru
Great Bowerbird	Chlamydera nuchalis
Zebra Finch	Taeniopygia guttata
Double-barred Finch	Taeniopygna bichenovii
Nutmeg Mannikin	Lonchura punctulata
Red-browed Finch	Neochima temporalis
Welcome Swallow	Hirundo neoxena
House Sparrow	Passer domesticus
Rufous Songlark	Cincloramphus mathewsi
Common Myna	Acridotheres tristris